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Root Canal Treatment

See how an inflamed or infected tooth can be treated from the inside.

Simplified cutaway showing the inside of a tooth and its root canals
AI-generated conceptual illustration. Anatomy and equipment are simplified.

What it does

Root canal treatment removes inflamed or infected pulp while preserving the rest of a restorable tooth. An endodontist specializes in treating the inside of teeth; general dentists also perform root canal treatment.

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Watch the explanation

See the procedure in motion

Root canal treatment, step by step

AAE · hosted by UIC College of Dentistry

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Root canal treatment, step by step

Follow the treatment inside a tooth, including cleaning, shaping and sealing the canals.

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What usually happens

The sequence and number of visits depend on the individual case.

  1. Examine and numb

    The dentist assesses the tooth and imaging, provides local anesthesia and isolates the tooth with a dental dam.

  2. Clean the canals

    An opening allows removal of affected pulp, cleaning and shaping of the canals.

  3. Fill and seal

    The prepared canals are filled and the opening is sealed. Treatment may require more than one visit.

  4. Protect the tooth

    A final restoration, often a crown, protects the tooth. Complete this follow-up as directed.

Options to discuss

Initial treatment

Treats the tooth’s canal system for the first time.

Retreatment or surgery

Some previously treated teeth need further treatment; an endodontist can assess the cause.

Extraction

Removal may be considered if a tooth cannot be predictably restored. Discuss replacement options too.

Benefits, limits & trade-offs

Temporary tenderness can occur. Persistent problems, new decay or fractures can require further care. A microscope or 3D scan may help selected cases; neither guarantees success.

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Questions for your dentist

  • Can this tooth be restored predictably?
  • Who will provide the final restoration, and when?
  • Would a specialist or additional imaging change the plan?

Take the next step

Look for offices offering this care

Search for root canal treatment in your area, then confirm the service with the office.

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Before you book

  • Confirm that the office offers the specific procedure or technology you want to discuss.
  • Ask who performs the treatment and about their relevant training and experience.
  • Discuss whether it suits your situation, alternatives, the total fee and follow-up care.